On March 8, 1958, in the southern part of my country-Shanghai, the technicians and workers of Yongxin Hardware Manufacturing Factory (renamed Shanghai Yongxin Seamless Steel Tube Factory in July 1958 and later Shanghai Special-shaped Steel Tube Factory), On the basis of summarizing the experience of producing seamless copper pipes, the first Φ76mm piercing machine in my country was developed, which ended the long history of Shanghai's cold-drawn seamless steel pipes being unable to supply their own blank capillary pipes for a long time. So it becomes the second seamless steel pipe factory in my country that can produce hot-rolled capillary (cold-drawn pipe). Later, it developed into a special-shaped steel pipe factory with the most complete varieties and specifications in my country.
Later, the Shanghai Cold-Drawn Steel Pipe Factory (Shanghai Iron and Steel No. 5 Plant) also created a new process for producing stainless steel pipes based on the summary and improvement of the "two-roll cross-rolling piercing and butter-lime cold drawing". my country's research and practice on the production of stainless steel pipes with two-roll cross-rolling and piercing technology can be regarded as world-class.
With the development and perfection of this type of punching machine in equipment and technology, especially in the thinning of the wall thickness of the capillary tube, the reduction of the uneven wall thickness, the improvement of the quality of the inner and outer surfaces, and the realization of online heading after perforation, etc., it has formed After the capillary tube is made by the piercing machine, the head is immediately started, and then directly cold-drawn to produce cold-drawn seamless steel pipes, that is, perforated-cold-drawn seamless steel pipe production line.
This kind of simple production line quickly became one of the more common seamless steel pipe production processes under the condition that my country was very short of small-diameter seamless steel pipes at that time. Of course, this is also a production process with "less input, fast output, and waste of resources" under the specific conditions of our country.
Less investment: Compared with the investment of building a complete unit that can produce the same specifications of hot-rolled finished pipes; faster output: Compared with building a complete unit that can produce the same specifications of hot-rolled finished pipes, the equipment is simple, the quantity is small, the weight is light, and the operation is easy to achieve. Fast production; waste of resources: compared to the resources (raw materials, auxiliary materials, energy and manpower) required to produce hot-rolled finished pipes of the same specification. This process was later completed and put into production in some cold-drawn steel pipe plants without billet pipe self-sufficiency in Shanghai and other places or where there is no seamless steel pipe plant at all. Extubation production line.
Later, due to the development of technology and the promotion of the market, it further developed into the production of larger diameter seamless steel pipes. Hengyang Steel Pipe Plant, Shanghai Steel Pipe Plant, Kunming Seamless Steel Pipe Plant, Guangzhou Steel Seamless Steel Pipe Plant, and Changzhi Steel Pipe Plant were successively completed and put into production. Iron and Steel Company, Hongdu Steel Plant, Changzhou Steel Plant, Tianjin Seamless Steel Tube Plant, Daye Steel Plant, Dalian Steel Plant, Anyang Steel Plant, Chongqing Seamless Steel Tube Plant, Chengdu Metal Processing Plant, Shougang Special Steel Plant, Hefei Iron and Steel Plant (Φ76mm); Chongqing Iron and Steel Plant No. 3 (Φ90mm), Great Wall Special Steel, Fushun Steel Plant, Xining Steel Plant, Shanghai No. 1 Steel Plant (Φ100mm), Suzhou Steel Plant (Φ120mm) and Nantong Special Steel Plant ( Φ200mm) piercing machine and corresponding cold-drawn and cold-rolled pipe production lines. And Baotou Steel Seamless Steel Tube Plant (Φ400mm) automatic tube rolling mill.
In 1958, the state decided to use three sets of main pipe rolling equipment (Φ133mm pipe jacking unit and Φ216 and 318mm periodic pipe rolling units) of Hungary and The finished products of seam steel pipes (including geology, oil well pipes, etc.) are delivered from the independent large-scale seamless steel pipe factory with complete supporting facilities-Chengdu Seamless Steel Pipe Factory.
my country's first production of special steel seamless steel tube plant was born
In 1959, the Shanghai Cold-drawn Steel Pipe Factory completed and put into production a Φ76mm punching machine and a matching cold-drawn pipe production line. Soon after it was put into operation, it was merged into the No. 5 Plant of Shanghai Iron and Steel Co., Ltd. and became a special steel enterprise. Steel pipe development. In 1960, the factory successfully produced 18-8 (304) stainless steel capillary tubes on a Φ76mm perforator, and produced the first batch of stainless steel tubes for aviation catheters in my country by cold drawing. It is a seamless steel pipe factory in my country's first special steel plant and one of the main manufacturers of cold drawn pipes for military use in my country.
my country's independently developed cold-rolled-cold drawn pipe production line was put into operation
In 1961, the Shanghai Iron and Steel Research Institute completed and put into production the first SG32-1 three-roll cold-rolling pipe mill and small-scale cold-drawn pipe machine developed by our country. , Precision, thin-wall and ultra-thin-wall seamless steel pipe production line.
The development history of seamless steel pipes in my country is: from 3,000 tons in 1953 to 1.01 million tons in 1982, it took 29 years to catch up with Italy (1.01 million tons), surpassing Britain (430,000 tons) and France ( 660,000 tons). During these 29 years, my country has experienced 58 years of Great Leap Forward, three years of natural disasters, and 10 years of natural disasters and human disasters from the Cultural Revolution.
In the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s, due to the flexibility and openness of the national economic policy, a large number of skilled veteran workers and technicians were removed from the state-owned factories as the state’s key enterprises implemented the employee retirement policy; Seamless steel pipes, especially stainless seamless steel pipes are in short supply, and the profits are relatively large. Favorable conditions have been created for some individuals or groups to set up seamless steel pipe plants.
In the south, especially in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, a large number of "seamless steel pipe factories" have been built, which may be called "workshops" to be more precise. Some only have a simple perforator and 1-2 simple drawing machines. Machine; some have only 1-2 simple drawing machines. Of course, these factories have been screened and eliminated by the market, and some of them have already built large-scale enterprise groups such as veritable seamless steel pipe plants or stainless steel pipe plants.
With the successive completion of seamless steel pipe factories across the country, the development of seamless steel pipe production in my country has entered a golden period; from 1982 onwards, the production of seamless steel pipes has been increasing at an average annual rate of 8.9% for 15 consecutive years. By 1997, it produced 3.61 million tons, reaching the first place. Peaks. In 1992, it produced 2.65 million tons, surpassing Japan (2.33 million tons); in 1994, it reached 3.04 million tons, surpassing Russia (2.81 million tons) to become the world's largest producer, and it has remained so far.
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